Indlela yokupholisa esebenza kahle kakhulu, eyonga amandla, eluhlaza, kanye nephathwayo iwumhlahlandlela wokuhlola okungapheli komuntu.Muva nje, i-athikili ye-inthanethi ephephabhukwini iSayensi ibike ngesu elisha lesiqandisi eliguquguqukayo elitholwe ithimba labacwaningi elihlangene lososayensi baseShayina nabaseMelika - "i-torsional heat refrigeration".Ithimba locwaningo lithole ukuthi ukushintsha i-twist ngaphakathi kwemicu kungafeza ukupholisa.Ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kweziqandisi eziphakeme, usayizi omncane, kanye nokusebenza kwezinto ezihlukahlukene ezijwayelekile, “isiqandisi sokushisa esisontekile” esenziwe ngokusekelwe kulobu buchwepheshe siye sathembisa.
Le mpumelelo ivela ocwaningweni ngokubambisana lwethimba likaSolwazi Liu Zunfeng elivela ku-State Key Laboratory of Medicinal chemistry Biology, School of Pharmacy, kanye neLabhorethri Ebalulekile ye-Functional Polymer yoMnyango Wezemfundo waseNyuvesi yaseNankai, kanye nethimba lika-Ray H. Baugman , uprofesa waseTexas State University, Igatsha laseDallas, kanye noYang Shixian, uDocent waseNankai University.
Vele wehlise izinga lokushisa bese ulisonta
Ngokolwazi oluvela ku-International Refrigeration Research Institute, ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kwezifudumezi-moya neziqandisi emhlabeni njengamanje kubalela cishe u-20% wokusetshenziswa kukagesi emhlabeni jikelele.Umgomo osetshenziswa kabanzi wokucindezelwa komoya esiqandisini kulezi zinsuku ngokuvamile unokusebenza kahle kwe-Carnot okungaphansi kuka-60%, futhi amagesi akhishwa izinqubo zesiqandisi esivamile abhebhethekisa ukufudumala komhlaba.Ngokukhula kwesidingo sesiqandisi ngabantu, ukuhlola imibono emisha yesiqandisi kanye nezixazululo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesiqandisi, ukunciphisa izindleko, nokunciphisa usayizi wemishini yesiqandisi sekuwumsebenzi ophuthumayo.
Irabha yemvelo izokhiqiza ukushisa lapho yeluliwe, kodwa izinga lokushisa lizokwehla ngemva kokuhlehla.Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi "i-elastic thermal refrigeration", etholwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19.Kodwa-ke, ukuze kutholwe umphumela omuhle wokupholisa, irabha idinga ukwelulelwa kusengaphambili izikhathi ezingu-6-7 ubude bayo bese ihoxiswa.Lokhu kusho ukuthi isiqandisi sidinga umthamo omkhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kwamanje kweCarnot "kwesiqandisi esishisayo" kuphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile cishe ngama-32%.
Ngobuchwepheshe be-"torsional cooling", abacwaningi belula i-elastomer yerabha ene-fibrous kabili (i-100% strain), base beyilungisa yomibili imikhawulo futhi bayisonta kusukela ekugcineni ukuze bakhe isakhiwo se-Superhelix.Kamuva, ukusonteka okusheshayo kwenzeka, futhi izinga lokushisa lemicu yerabha lehla ngo-15.5 degrees Celsius.
Lo mphumela uphakeme kunomphumela wokupholisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-'elastic thermal refrigeration': irabha elulekile ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-7 inkontileka futhi ipholisa ifike ku-12.2 degrees Celsius.Nokho, uma irabha isontekile futhi inwetshiwe, bese idedelwa kanye kanye, 'i-torsional thermal refrigeration' ingaphola yehle ibe ngu-16.4 degrees Celsius.U-Liu Zunfeng uthe ngaphansi komphumela ofanayo wokupholisa, umthamo wenjoloba we-'torsional thermal refrigeration 'uyizingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu kuphela zerabha ye-'elastic thermal refrigeration', kanti ukusebenza kahle kwayo kweCarnot kungafinyelela ku-67%, iphakeme kakhulu kunomgomo womoya. ifriji yokucindezela.
Intambo yokudoba kanye nentambo yendwangu nayo ingapholiswa
Abacwaningi bethule ukuthi siseningi indawo yokuthuthukiswa kwenjoloba njengento “eyisiqandisi sokushisa esishisayo”.Isibonelo, irabha inokuthungwa okuthambile futhi idinga ukusonteka okuningi ukuze kuzuzwe ukupholisa okubalulekile.Isivinini sayo sokudlulisa ukushisa siyanensa, futhi izindaba ezifana nokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe nokuqina kwento ebalulekile zidinga ukucatshangelwa.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola ezinye izinto ze-"torsional refrigeration" sekuyisiqondiso esibalulekile sethimba labacwaningi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi sithole ukuthi uhlelo lwe-'torsional heat cooling' luyasebenza nasezintanjeni zokudoba nezindwangu.Phambilini, abantu bebengazi ukuthi lezi zinto ezijwayelekile zingasetshenziselwa ukupholisa, ”kusho uLiu Zunfeng.
Abacwaningi baqale basonta le micu ye-polymer eqinile futhi benza isakhiwo se-helical.Ukwelula i-helix kungakhuphula izinga lokushisa, kodwa ngemva kokuhoxisa i-helix, izinga lokushisa liyehla.
Ukuhlola kutholwe ukuthi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe “bokupholisa ukushisa okushisayo”, intambo epholishelwe i-polyethylene ingakwazi ukukhiqiza ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa okungu-5.1 degrees Celsius, kuyilapho okubalulekile kunwetshwa ngokuqondile futhi kukhishwe cishe akukho shintsho olubonwayo.Isimiso 'sokupholisa ukushisa kwe-torsional' kwalolu hlobo lwe-polyethylene fiber ukuthi phakathi nenqubo yokwelula, i-twist yangaphakathi ye-helix iyancipha, okuholela ekushintsheni kwamandla.U-Liu Zunfeng uthe lezi zinto eziqinile ziqinile kunemicu yerabha, futhi izinga lokupholisa lidlula elerabha ngisho noma yelulwe ifushane kakhulu.
Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-"torsional heat cooling" kuma-alloys enkumbulo yomumo we-nickel titanium enamandla aphezulu kanye nokudlulisa ukushisa okusheshayo kubangela ukusebenza okungcono kokupholisa, futhi i-twist ephansi kuphela edingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela omkhulu wokupholisa.
Isibonelo, ngokusonta izintambo ezine ze-nickel titanium alloy ndawonye, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa okuphezulu ngemva kokungasonti kungafinyelela ku-20.8 degrees Celsius, futhi ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa okujwayelekile nakho kungafinyelela ku-18.2 degrees Celsius.Lokhu kuphakeme kancane kunokupholisa okungu-17.0 degrees Celsius okutholwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe 'besiqandisi esishisayo'.Umjikelezo owodwa wesiqandisi uthatha cishe imizuzwana engama-30, ”kusho uLiu Zunfeng.
Ubuchwepheshe obusha bungasetshenziswa eziqandisini esikhathini esizayo
Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-"torsional heat refrigeration", abacwaningi baye benza imodeli yesiqandisi engapholisa amanzi agelezayo.Basebenzise izintambo ezintathu ze-nickel titanium alloy njengezinto zokupholisa, bazungezisa ama-revolution angu-0.87 ngesentimitha ukuze bathole ukupholisa okungu-7.7 degrees Celsius.
Lokhu okutholakele kusesenendlela ende okusamele kuhanjwe ngaphambi kokuthi kudayiswe 'iziqandisi zokushisa ezisontekile', ngazo zombili amathuba nezinselelo, "kusho uRay Bowman.U-Liu Zunfeng ukholelwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obusha beziqandisi obutholakala kulolu cwaningo buye bandisa umkhakha omusha emkhakheni weziqandisi.Izohlinzeka ngendlela entsha yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla endaweni yesiqandisi.
Esinye isenzakalo esikhethekile "esiqandisini sokushisa kwe-torsional" ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zefayibha zibonisa amazinga okushisa ahlukene, okubangelwa ukusatshalaliswa ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-helix okukhiqizwa ngokusonta i-fiber ngokuhambisana nobude be-fiber.Abacwaningi bahlanganisa ingaphezulu le-nickel titanium alloy wire nge-Thermochromism coating ukwenza "ukupholisa kwe-torsional" ukushintsha umbala we-fiber.Phakathi nenqubo yokusonta nokungasonteki, i-fiber iba nezinguquko zombala ezihlehliswayo.Ingasetshenziswa njengohlobo olusha lwe-elementi yenzwa yokulinganisa okukude kwefiber twist.Isibonelo, ngokubheka izinguquko zombala ngeso lenyama, umuntu angakwazi ukwazi ukuthi zingaki izinguquko ezibonakalayo ezenziwe kude, okuyinto inzwa elula kakhulu."ULiu Zunfeng uthe ngokusekelwe kumgomo" wokupholisa ukushisa okushisayo ", eminye imicu ingasetshenziselwa izindwangu ezihlakaniphile ezishintsha umbala.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-13-2023