I-Aoyue Refrigeration inohlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokuhlanza indle.Ngo-2013, siphendula ikhwelo likahulumeni, sasungula uhlelo lwethu lokuhlanza indle.Amanzi angcolile ezimbonini angakhishwa kuphela ngemva kokuhlanzwa ngendle kanye nokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokulahla.

Ngokuvamile, sihlukanisa inqubo yokwelapha ibe izigaba ezine ezinkulu: ukwelashwa kwangaphambili, ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji, ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe, nokwelashwa kodaka.Umnyombo wokwelashwa kwendle yesimanje ngokuyisisekelo ukwelashwa ngamagciwane (amagciwane).I-biotechnology ehlakulela ama-microorganisms ukuze adle ukungcola okwamanje iwubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza indle obusebenza kahle kakhulu, obungabizi kakhulu, futhi obunobungani nemvelo phakathi kwazo zonke izindlela zokwelashwa.

1.Ukucubungula kwangaphambili

Ukwelashwa kusengaphambili ngokwezinkonzo zokwelashwa ezilandelayo zamagciwane (amagciwane) (ngaphandle kwengxenye encane yamanzi angcolile engasebenzisi ukwelashwa ngamagciwane).Njengoba kuyi-microorganism, nakanjani izoba nezidingo eziyisisekelo.Lapho ihlangabezana kakhulu nezimo zokusinda kwayo, yilapho izokhula khona futhi izophatha kangcono indle.Isibonelo, izinga lokushisa, ama-microorganisms amaningi akhula kahle kakhulu ku-30-35 degrees Celsius, ane-pH engu-6-8 futhi azikho izinto ezivimbelayo noma ezinobuthi.Izinto ezingcolisayo kufanele kube lula ukuzidla, njengalezo ezifana nezithelo hhayi ipulasitiki.Futhi, inani lamanzi akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu noma libe phansi kakhulu okwesikhashana, ukuze kuvinjwe ama-microorganisms ukuthi angafi noma alambe, njalonjalo.

Ngakho-ke kukhona ikakhulukazi izindlela ezilandelayo zokucubungula ngaphambilini:

I-Grille: Inhloso ye-grille ukukhipha imfucumfucu emikhulu njengemicu yendwangu, amaphepha amaphepha, njll. emanzini, ukuze kugwenywe ukuthikameza ukusebenza kwepompo lamanzi esikhathini esizayo.Ichibi lokulawula: Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwefekthri, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukukhipha futhi ungawakhiphi amanzi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukhiphe amanzi aminyene ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ukhiphe amanzi alula ngesikhathi esisodwa.Ukushintshashintsha kubalulekile, kodwa ukucubungula okulandelayo kufanele kufane.Ichibi elilawulayo liyithangi lokugcina amanzi, lapho amanzi avela ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezahlukene kanye nezikhathi zesikhathi aqala ukugxila echibini elilodwa.Leli chibi ngokuvamile lidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngezinyathelo ezinyakazayo, njengokuvunguza komoya noma ukunyakazisa ngomshini, ukuze kuxutshwe amanzi ahlukahlukene ngokulinganayo.Uma i-acidity ne-alkalinity ngemva kokuxuba ingekho phakathi kuka-6 no-9, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-asidi noma i-alkali ukulungisa.

Imishini yokulawula izinga lokushisa: Inhloso ukulungisa izinga lokushisa libe nebanga amagciwane angamelana nalo.Ngokuvamile kuba umbhoshongo wokupholisa noma i-heater.Uma izinga lokushisa ngokwalo lingaphakathi kwebanga, khona-ke lesi sigaba singashiywa.

Ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Uma kukhona okuqinile okuningi okumisiwe noma amazinga aphezulu okungcola emanzini, ukuze kwehliswe ingcindezi yokwelashwa kwamagciwane, ama-ejenti amakhemikhali ngokuvamile ayengezwa ukuze kuncishiswe ingxenye yezinto ezingcolisayo neziqinile ezimisiwe.Izinto ezifakwe lapha ngokuvamile ziyi-air flotation noma ithangi le-dosing sedimentation.I-Detoxification kanye nokwelashwa kokuphulwa kweketango.Le ndlela yokwelapha ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukugxilisa ingqondo okuphezulu, okunzima ukuwehlisa, ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile anobuthi kumakhemikhali, imithi, nezinye izimboni.Izindlela ezijwayelekile zifaka i-iron carbon, i-Fenton, i-electrocatalysis, njalonjalo.Ngalezi zindlela, okuqukethwe kwezinto ezingcolisayo ngokuvamile kungancishiswa kakhulu, futhi ezinye izinto ezingenakulunywa amagciwane zingasikwa zibe izingxenye zomlomo ezinhle, ziguqule izinto ezinobuthi zibe izinto ezingenabuthi noma ezinobuthi obuphansi.

2. Isigaba sokwelapha amagciwane

Kalula nje, lesi sigaba sibhekisela kwamanye amachibi noma amathangi ahlakulela ama-microorganisms ukuze adle ukungcola, ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ze-anaerobic kanye ne-aerobic.

Isigaba se-anaerobic, njengoba negama liphakamisa, yisigaba senqubo lapho ama-anaerobic microorganisms atshalwa khona ukuze adle ukungcola.Isici esibalulekile salesi sigaba ukuzama ukugcina umzimba wamanzi ekukhipheni umoya-mpilo ngangokunokwenzeka.Ngesigaba se-anaerobic, ingxenye enkulu yezinto ezingcolile ingadliwa.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyamangaza ukuthi ezinye izinto ezingcolisa umoya ezingenakulunywa i-Aerobic organism zingasikwa zibe izingxenye ezincane okulula ukuzidla, futhi kungakhiqizwa nemikhiqizo ebalulekile efana ne-biogas.

Ingxenye ye-Aerobic ingxenye yesiko le-Microbiological lapho umoya-mpilo udingeka khona ukuze uphile.Imishini okufanele ifakwe kulesi sigaba iwuhlelo lwe-oxygenation, olugcwalisa amanzi nge-oxygen ukuze ama-microorganisms aphefumule.Kulesi sigaba, kuphela ngokunikeza umoya-mpilo owanele, olawula izinga lokushisa ne-pH, ama-microorganisms angadla ngokuhlanya ukungcola, anciphise kakhulu ukugxila kwawo, futhi izindleko ozisebenzisayo ngokuyisisekelo ziyizindleko zikagesi kuphela zefeni yokushaja komoyampilo.Ingabe akubizi ngempela?Yiqiniso, ama-microorganisms azoqhubeka nokuzala futhi afe, kodwa jikelele, azala ngokushesha.Izidumbu ezifile zama-microorganisms e-aerobic kanye neminye imizimba yebhaktheriya iyahlangana yenze udaka olucushiwe.Amanzi angcolile aqukethe inani elikhulu le-sludge ecushiwe, okumele ihlukaniswe namanzi.Udaka olucushiwe, olubuye lwaziwe ngokuthi ama-microorganisms, lugaywa kabusha futhi ludliwe ethangini le-aerobic, kuyilapho ingxenye encane ikhishwa ukuze yome futhi ithuthe amanzi.

3. Ukwelashwa okuthuthukile

Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-microbial, ukuhlushwa kokungcola emanzini akusekho phezulu noma kuphansi kakhulu, kodwa kungase kube khona izinkomba ezidlula izinga, njenge-cod, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-chromaticity, izinsimbi ezisindayo, njll. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukwelashwa okwengeziwe iyadingeka ezintweni ezingcolisayo ezedlula zonke.Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezifana ne-air flotation, imvula ye-physicochemical, ukuchotshozwa, i-adsorption, njll.

4. Uhlelo lokwelapha udaka

Ngokuyisisekelo, izindlela zamakhemikhali nezebhayoloji zikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-sludge, elinomswakama ophezulu cishe wamanzi angama-99%.Lokhu kudinga ukususwa kwamanzi amaningi.Kuleli qophelo, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-dehydrator, ikakhulukazi ehlanganisa imishini yamabhande, imishini yefreyimu, ama-centrifuges, nemishini yokupakisha ngezikulufo, ukwelapha amanzi odaka aze afike ku-50% -80%, bese uwahambisa ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, izitshalo zikagesi. , izimboni zezitini, nezinye izindawo.